Nuclear power stations and national parks Essay

Who argon the interest groups*Local unemployed*Locals* study baron grid*Workers*CND (campaign for thermo atomic disarmourment)* potassium peace*Friends of the earth*Minis soften of defence*The giving medication*National leafy vegetables*BNFL (British atomic fuels)* purlieu agency*CORE (Cambrians opposed to hot environment)*ICRP (inter case commission on radiological protection)*The institutionConflicts with the national approximate ranges and thermo thermonuclear supply*Pylons and power lines* thermonuclear foul up storage*Environmental taint*High potential drop wellness hazard*National put tourism* victuals*nuclear conveyancing through national position*increase leukaemia in orbital cavity surrounding nuclear power moveSee much of the above belowPylons and power lines at that place is colossal controversy non full over the sitting to the national park unless alike be ready of the associated postgraduate emf transmission lines neededTo connect the displ ace to the National Grid. Indeed to many observers the formula of these power lines has ca calld a greater optical imp cultivate onthe decorate than the bend of the stations themselves.High potential health hazard in that location is a noble potential health hazard for nuclear power stations if in that location is a fire or explosion. In Chernobyl at that place was a melt spate, which they thought would go down into the earths mantle and start a volcanic eruption, but thankfully it didnt.Environmental pollutionBetween 1952 and 1995, Sellafield dumped 182 kilograms of plutonium down a pipeline into the Irish Sea. This amounts to 717 terabecquerels (TBq) of radioactivity al virtually half the fallout of plutonium in the entire North Atlantic from 520 atmospherical bomb tests in the 1960s.nuclear knock off storageTonnes of intermediate (liquid and solid) nuclear vaunt matter was cosmos produced in sellafield before thither was any known way of storing it unhazardously. So it remained in the station until a cast was dug for temporary storage. Nuclear overplus can be stored safely by turning it into glass ingots by adding borosilicate to the waste, which allows waste to be stored for 50,000 geezerhood and non radioactive, and alike able to be ground to finely powder sill be harmless.National park tourismThe tourism in the national park would go if at that place were an hazard or proved high beam levels in the national park, like in Snowdonia N.P or The Lake District N.P.There does not halt to be an separatrix or proof of light beam to stop tourists though,If the ground is despised so a lot thither will be no tourism in the park, thusly no nutriment or conservation to keep it a national park unless funded by government.LivelihoodThe locals livelihood would be affected by a nuclear power station,E.g. where at a time was a local green or park is know a rear power station and would be to imposing.Nuclear transportation through national p arksThere is great opposition on the transportation of nuclear fuel or waste travelling through anywhere, but especially in national parks. If there were an accident or spill the cranial orbit/park would be devastated for years if not centuries.There is proof that there is change magnitude numbers of people with leukaemia around nuclear power stationsHere is a story of three girls that died from the radiation and needlelike leukaemia in sellafield.A couple who differentiate radiation killed three of their young ladys drive pledge to re-open the investigation into the deaths following a damming answer for into safety at British Nuclear Fuels. Joe and Stella McMaster of Fulwood, Preson, believe radiation from the nuclear persistence is to blame for the deaths of their children, Judith, Jill and Lynn. The couple claim BNFL bosses birth nalways explained the tragedies that induce devastated their family and they pronounce the revelations rough safety at the nuclear giant s tars Sellafield be come as no surprise. Joe, 77, browseed as a enquiry chemist at British Nuclear Fuels Springfield rig virtually Preston for 30 years. He give tongue to an incident at the Springfields instal in the 1950s which caused him to inhale Uranium UF6 ball up sparked off a catalogue of health problems. Joe claimed his urine samples afterwards the accident showed his uracil content to be 18 measure above the normal level.Just months later he lost all of his odontiasis after they became so loose he could twist them around. further nothing wide-awake the family for the tragedies that were to follow. After already celebrating the birth of cardinal daughters they were delighted when Stella became pregnant with twins. After a problem-free pregnancy the babies were born six weeks ill-timed but mavin of the twins, Judith, died at scarce three days old.It was a thorny loss to bear, but the couple consoled themselves with the acquaintance that they had three remai ning lovely daughters. But in 1973 their second eldest daughter Jill was taken ill. She started a nosebleed that would not stop and she was admitted to infirmary for tests. The family were horrified when she was diagnosed as having acute leukaemia. She was moved to a hospital in Manchester where she died two weeks later. It was then that Stella began to chief whether their deaths could be linked to Joes work with the nuclear industry. In 1988 the family suffered an separate ruin blow when their eldest daughter Lynn, a mother of mavin, was diagnosed with a r atomic number 18 transmission line dioceanse and died.When I worked at BNFL I was sworn for feeling to the Official Secrets Act, but now I could not thrill less. Now I right regard to find out the truth, express Joe. (Lancashire eventide Post 19/2/00) Stella and Joe potently believe that the reactor fire at Windscale (now referd Sellafield) in October 1957 played a snappy part. At that time they were on a family ho liday a few cubic centimetres from the plant and the children were playing on the beach, drinking the take out and eating locally grown good vegetables. When they returned root word they found out that the argona had been badly contaminated milk was being thrown down the drains and vegetables were unfit for adult male consumption.By then the damage was done. We have been assured by medical experts that the timescale betwixt exposure and deaths from leukaemia were correct, but oh no, BNFL still say it is unfortunate but really undefiled coincidence, says Stella. She maintains that when Joe retired at 60, his radiation clay count showed 300 Becquerels, although it should only have been around 5. A private logical argument test confirmed chromo many defects overdue to radiation exposure. Neither his high body count, discount by BNFL as being due to a faulty machine, nor his chromosome damage were ever explained by the company. The couple have been difficult to get to the truth for 10 years and will continue to do so. They ar sure there ar other families worldwide, either employed by or living around nuclear ins leggyations who are trying to get justice and they adjure them luck.They believe the industry is one salient cover-up and condemn the cavalier bearing of the 50s and 60s when employees, who were initially selected for being 100% fit, were by choice exposed to unknown, but now considered unacceptable, risks to their health. They are appalled by the industrys denials over Joes and their childrens health problems. He was never offered compensation for his accident much less any sympathy. neer in our wildest dreams did we consider the far gain consequences and the terrible tragedies.You dont anticipate to outlive even one of your children, much less three. If BNFL had to sit at a bedsite and watch each child die, they competency be a bit more compassionate said Stella, BNFL just do not want to know they just brush it all under the co ver and hope we will give up our campaign for truth and justice, but we are sorry to disappoint them. MP Nigel Evans, who has support them, urged the couple to carry on contend until they find out the truth. A BNFL spokesman said We have had a meeting with Mr. McMaster to try and reassure him that his daughters deaths were not related to work at Springfields.Sellafield nuclear power stationSellafield, formally Windscale and home of the 1957 reactor fire, lies on the Irish Sea margin and a farseeingside Englands famous Lake District. In an area of just one mile by one mile and a half, the site hosts the lethal legacies of nuclear weapons cloth production, decades of commercial utilizeing residues and the reputation to go with them. With wearied nuclear prospects at home BNFL are turning to other countries for expansion with claims of expertise. Their distress to start put their own Sellafield stick out in order is a correspond of their lack of credibility, as are the diss onant and long-term problems they leave behind in England.Calder Hall, opened by the Queen in 1956, and it generates enough electricity to supply a city the size of Leeds. Sellafield overly has a host of other plants, including two reprocessing plants one to reprocess the waste from the old so-called Magnox nuclear power stations and one, Thorp, to reprocess spent fuel from the newer privatised plants at home and abroad.Why is nuclear power so unpopular here?Originally because of its scrawny connection with nuclear weapons. The original stations were built not to produce electricity but to make plutonium for nuclear weapons. But the public werent told that forthwith away in fact not until the 1980s. The industrys early function of lying made people quizzical and suspicious. Add to that the sometimes-irrational fear of radioactivity and the dire results of the Chernobyl accident and the dislike expand into a wish the industry would just go away.The UK Environment chest reg ulates discharges of radioactive waste from the notorious Sellafield nuclear site into the sea and air. Sellafield discharges some 8 million litres of nuclear waste into the sea every day. These discharges have made the Irish Sea the most radioactively contaminated in the world, and the befoulment has spread along the shores of Wales, Scotland, Ireland, the Isle of Man, Denmark, Sweden, Norway and as far north as the Arctic. There is no safe dose of radiation any level may cause cancers and genetic damage.The Environment substance is shortly holding a public cite on Sellafields discharges of one specially controversial radioactive substance, known as technetium-99 (Tc-99). Tc-99 has a half-life of 213,000 years, which means it remains dangerous to countless future generations. It also builds up to high levels in ocean life including lobsters, mussels, limpets, winkles and seaweed. In 1997 levels of Tc-99 in lobsters near Sellafield reached up to 42 times the European intervent ion level for food after a nuclear accident. High levels were also found in seaweed in Ireland and Nordic countries and, following international protest, the UK Government promised to act to stop these discharges.Although BNFL reduced its discharges of Tc-99 somewhat between 1995 and 1998, the discharges have since increased again. Discharges of many other radioactive substances have increased too, and there are plans to increase them further. Greenpeace believes that the Environment Agency and the Government are backtracking under printing press from BNFL, the publicly-owned company that operates the Sellafield site. The Government and the Environment Agency could and should act to stop the discharges now.Greenpeace claims that the ground that sellafield is as radioactive as the ground in Chernobyl.A reactor in sellafieldTrawsfynydd nuclear power station in Snowdonia national parkThe Trawsfynydd nuclear plant is primed(p) on the shores of the Trawsfynydd Lake in North Wales. It w as the first nuclear power plant in Britain to be built on a site inland. Its surroundings offer spectacular scenery and interesting wildlife.The plant is one of several Magnox reactors that belong to an earlier intention generation which employs steel pressure vessels. The name Magnox reflects that the nuclear fuel is contained inwardly a cladding made out of a magnesium alloy.Magnox stations pioneered the commercial use of nuclear power in the 1960s and still supply much of Britains need for base-load electricity.Their image as the workhorses of the nuclear industry is derived from a reputation for high availability and safe performance.Trawsfynydd is currently being decommissioned.The reasons for shutting this plant down reflected some concerns that the steel pressure vessel was step by step becoming embrittled. Since the site is located in spite of appearance the beautiful Snowdonia National Park, it was considered important that the decommissioning should be made in such a manner that would leave the smallest possible equal on the environment. So they use the safe store face.Safe store constructionDiminishing the visual impact of the plant was one of the demands that the local public viewed as the most important. This is accomplished by reducing the height of the reactor grammatical constructions from 55 sentence to 32 meters. That requires lowering the height of the tall structures inside the buildings, such as separate of the boilers and the refuelling machines. Safe-store structures of reduced height can then be constructed.1993-2004Trawsfynydd Power Station lies within the boundaries of a National Park of considerable beauty and is located on the Union bank of Llyn Trawsfynydd. Following the decommissioning of the plant, the existing building structure is to be reduced in height and encased in a new Safestore envelope. The objective is to reduce and in some cases eliminate the buildings impact within the National Park. The Safestore struc ture is to provide an esthetically acceptable, cost effective means of long term, secure storage for specific radioactive materials and structures.As well as minimising the visual impact of the site the structure is establish on the following criteria The design life shall be 135 years. During the majority of this issue it is proposed that the site will be unmanned. The structures shall be intruder resistant with a 9m surround also gives an improved visual relief between the lower and upper levels of the international elevations. The landscape within the site limit point will reflect the character of the rude(a) surrounding landscape so the there are no visible boundaries and the landscape flows naturally through the site.