Climate Change Assessment Environment Aviation

Aviation Communication Tools and Climate Change Abstract The aviation industry contributes significantly to the climatic changes that are experienced across the world. The contribution may be directly through emission of gases from aircrafts or indirectly through the dependence on activities like mining of fuels which depletes the environment leading to climatic changes. In view of this role, the aviation stakeholders have developed tools that aid the industrys players to contribute to the conservation of the environment and stoppage of adverse climatic changes. Several tools of communication have been developed to target the public and stakeholders in the aviation industry to assist them in conserving the environment. This paper is an assessment of aviation communication tools and the impact that they have on climate change. Keywords: aviation, climate change, communication, aircraft, airworthiness, policy decisions

The Social Problem Of Family Violence And Abuse - 844 Words

The social problem I decided to discuss is the subject of family violence and abuse, which includes spouses and children. Now, as Ember and Ember explain in the text, in order to deal with violence within families, we must first decide on what should be classified as abuse and what is not (Ember Ember, pg. 230). The word abuse can have various definitions across cultures, as not everyone thinks of it in the same way. To some, hitting a child is a perfectly acceptable form of punishment and of wife- beating can be seen in a male-dominating household as a necessary act to keep a spouse â€Å"in check.† I personally believe that abuse can be defined as the repeatedly cruel or violent treatment of someone, mainly intended to do harm against that person. I believe that in order to combat this problem, there is a few main actions that can be done that can at least reduce the amount of family violence we see throughout cultures. For one, people need to acknowledge that family violen ce, both domestic violence and child abuse is real and exists throughout countless societies and communities. The second is to realize that family violence is not a necessary behavior and can actually have long lasting and damaging effects on the people we love the most. The third action is to educate people in alternative ways they can deal with their family members without having to resort to violence. The first most important step in solving any problem is to actually express that there is a problem inShow MoreRelatedDomestic Violence Is Now Broadly Defined As All Acts Of1586 Words   |  7 Pages Domestic violence is now broadly defined as all acts of physical, sexual, psychological and economic violence committed by a family member or intimate partner. It has to do with a pattern of power and control exerted by partner or family member upon another. The constancy and severity of the abuse can vary however, it always has a negative impact on the relationship. The devastating impact can last for a long time crossing generations or a lifetime. The battered women movement goal was to seeRead MoreEffects of Domestic Violence on Children1124 Words   |  5 PagesThe biggest victims of domestic violence are the littlest. The home is a suppose to be a safe and secure environment for children with loving parents and free from violence. Children need a secure environment where they can come home to when the outside world is unsafe. However, every year there are millions of children who’s homes are not a safe haven. Millions of children are exposed to a parent being violently assaulted. Domestic violence is a prevalent social issue in America today. First, whoRead More Domestic Violence Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pagesmain problem in our society,there are other kinds of domestic violence that not many people know but they have the same importance. In this essay I intent to give a definition of domestic violence and explain the main kinds of abuses.I will also suggest some possible solutions to diminish or to eliminate this problem and I will show some domestic indicators. I intend to argue some unhelpful behaviours and to finish I will discuss the effects of domestic violence in children. The term family violenceRead MoreThe Negative Impact of Elderly Abuse1202 Words   |  5 Pageselder abuse continues to threaten the quality of life of the elderly population. Elder abuse is now becoming a prevalent problem in our society, and this problem is often overlooked and ignored making elder abuse one of the most unreported crimes in the country. Elder abuse is extremely complex like any other type of domestic violence and because there are many elements that contribute to this problem, the impact of elder abuse is much deeper than it may appear on the surface. Elder abuse has a negativeRead MoreFamily Violence : A Serious Social Problem Essay1575 Words   |  7 PagesFamily violence is a serious social problem that affects many families around the world. It is defined by the University of Michigan as situation that occurs â€Å"when a person uses physical violence, coercion, threats, intimidation, isolation, stalking, emotional abuse, sexual abuse or economic abuse to co ntrol another partner in a relationship† (â€Å"Understanding Abuse†). This includes any kind of behaviour that might make the other person feel scared, threatened and fearful for their safety. AccordingRead MoreAnimal Cruelty And Its Effects On Children Essay1109 Words   |  5 PagesResearch has previous been conducted on animal abuse that has maintained the idea that animal cruelty has the tendency to advance with the concerns of the levels of violence that harms others (Hensley Tallichet, 2007). Animal cruelty is one of many influences, children that continue to have behavior problems can lead to several different problems later down the road. Characteristic of animal abuse can be one of many forms of antisocial behavior that introduced in childhood as a signal of involvementRead MoreWomen And Domestic Violence : Lauren Lys Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pages Women and Domestic Violence Lauren Lys Eastern Michigan University Abstract Domestic violence, also called intimate partner violence, is a pattern of behavior used to establish power and control over another person through fear and intimidation, often including the threat or use of violence. Statically women are the victims of domestic violence; this has been happening for a long time. In 1994 Congress passed the Violence Against Women Act, for the first time providing recognitionRead MoreBandura s Social Learning Theory And Attachment Theory1260 Words   |  6 PagesQuestions 1: Social Learning Theory and Attachment Theory Bandura’s social learning theory and Bowlby’s attachment theory. Each of these theories has similarities and distinctions regarding the mechanisms that underlie the impact of child abuse. This essay will examine these competing theories to determine which mechanisms are most strongly supported for families at high risk for child abuse and/or neglect (Begle, Dumas Hanson, 2010). Social Learning Theory Social learning theory suggests thatRead MoreIn America, Family Violence Such As Child Abuse And Spousal1327 Words   |  6 PagesIn America, family violence such as child abuse and spousal abuse which is mostly against women has been known to be a silent crime. There has been a high percentage of cases against women and an estimated one half of all child abuse cases have been unreported (Pepler, 1989). In the late twentieth century, feminist groups began a campaign to accomplish a goal to eliminate family violence by changing people’s realization to conclude that no victim should leave a crime unsaid .in addition, twenty-eightRead MoreEssay about Understanding and Preventing Child Abuse and Neglect1340 Words   |  6 PagesChild Called It   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Child abuse, the physical and/or emotional abuse of a child by a parent, guardian, or other person, is a major problem in the United States. Child abuse, including sexual abuse, beating, and murder have increased and it is believed that many cases go unreported. Another for of child abuse is child neglect, which includes malnutrition, desertion, and inadequate care for a child.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Efforts have increased on the primary prevention of child abuse. This must be started on many

Animations Effect On Children Annotated Bibliography

Animations’ effect on children: An annotated bibliography For years, the world grappled with racial and ethnic representation in media. Characters that come into our homes through TV screens- who we laugh with, cry with, get angry with- have more than just a temporary impact on our lives. They help us shape our own reality, â€Å"who we are, who we aspire to be, and how we view the world around us†(1). Race and ethnicity are not only physical attributes of people but also are ways of seeing and understanding the world. Given that many of the messages that children receive about race and ethnicity come to them through animation and cartoons it’s important to discover how it impacts them. Animation is heavily aimed at children in our country and influences the way they perceive and enact with the world around them. Animation is used to teach moral lessons, engage creativity, and bolster confidence.(2) In the United States and other Western Contexts, whites have historically been associated with superiority and privilege; while non-whites have historically been associated with inferiority and labeled as the Other in society. This is widely depicted in most of the media we consume. Even in animation, most of the main characters in movies and television shows are white while people of color are often cast in certain roles such as the maid, the gangster or evil doer, the model minority, or the supportive best friend. Despite the imaginativeness of animation, because of someShow MoreRelatedEssay on Culminating Project for RDG 5438982 Words   |  36 Pagesin our Career and Technical Education testing software named Thinkgate. Unit 2.09 is the lesson on Animations in P owerPoint. All quizzes and tests are kept on a secure server. Students have access to the formal assessment when their teacher provides the appropriate test ID number. The quiz itself is not able to be downloaded nor copied. The unit 2.09 quiz has 20 questions related to animations and related Power Point areas. Informal Assessment related to instruction plan: Below is a projectRead MoreThe Marketing Research of Brainquiry33782 Words   |  136 PagesNew York have been contacted via email and by attempted phone contact. At this moment there has been one returned email from the EWGA( Executive Women s Golf Association). They have stated it is possible to advertise on their website which is annotated in the New York folder labeled EWGA Sponsor Opportunities and in the Appendix Email 1 Magazines In the folder Labeled New York there is another folder called PDF US Advertising files. These files contain all the information the magazinesRead MoreHbr When Your Core Business Is Dying74686 Words   |  299 Pageson a common theme. The articles include full-text Harvard Business Review articles plus a summary of key ideas and company examples to help busy managers quickly absorb and apply the concepts. Each OnPoint enhanced article also includes an annotated bibliography. ORDER BACK ISSUES TODAY www.onpointhbr.org Harvard Business Review OnPoint Executive Edition is published quarterly and available only at select newsstands and on our website. It is not available by subscription. WWW.ONPOINTHBR.ORG

The Legal Drinking Age Should Stay At 21 - 1300 Words

I believe that the legal drinking age should stay at 21 for many reasons. Underage drinking should not be allowed in any country because it is dangerous, causes health complications and it can be overused, and most of the time misused. As a young adult it will take less time for them to become â€Å"drunk† and more likely to put them in negative situations which will harm them later as an adult. If the government were to lower the drinking age to under 21, unprotected sex, sexual assault, and other tragedies would become more predominant in our society. Alcohol is very harmful to our bodies and if given the opportunity to drink at a younger age the effects would be harmful to the young adult and to others in his environment. The national minimum drinking age in The United States is stated to be anyone under the age of 21 years can not consume or purchase any alcoholic beverage; this law was passed on July 17,1984 by President Reagan. Nearly 88,000 people die from alcohol-related causes annually making it the third leading preventable cause of death in the United States. Many People would agree that alcohol should not be present to children under the age of 21 years. There has been many debates on whether or not the drinking age should be lowered to 18 years of age. â€Å"Between 1970 and 1976, 29 states lowered their age for drinking alcohol. The results were catastrophic. Highway deaths among teenagers and young adults skyrocketed. Immediately, states began raising the minimumShow MoreRelatedShould The Legal Drinking Age Be Lowered Again?878 Words   |  4 PagesShould the legal drinking age remain at age 21? For almost 40 years most states voluntarily set their minimum drinking age law at 21, some states were 18 in accordance to the military age requirement (18) and the voting age. In those states, drunk driving and alcohol related deaths were increasing significantly. But it didn’t just happen in those states, it also happened in the bordering states called â€Å"blood borders.† As a result to these problems, President Ronald Reagan in 1984 signed into lawRead MoreThe Minimum Drinking Age Act1700 Words   |  7 PagesMinimum Drinking Age Act made all 50 states raise the legal drinking age to 21(Dejong). The debate is on whether the age should be lowered or not. Statistically, having the age at 21 has been very helpful in keeping the nation safe. If there is not an issue with age now, would it make sense to lower the age and create unnecessary problems? In this case, the negative effects outweigh the positive. Simply because there is no good in lowering the age. The legal drinking age has been set at 21 for 30Read MoreThe Case of the Drinking Age Essay544 Words   |  3 PagesCase of the Drinking Age Do you think young ones should drink alcohol? Mostly the percentage the people drinking in America. Can we stop young people from drinking? Yes, because it’s illegal for young age to drink. This topic isn’t everyone agreed of. The enactment of the National Minimum Drinking Age Act of 1984 prompted states to raise their legal age. Purchase or public possession of alcohol to 21 or risk losing millions in federal highway funds (GPO Access). We should stay the high age to drinkRead MoreThe Smoking Age Should Be Legal Drinking Age1517 Words   |  7 Pagesrequiring you to be over the age of 21 to consume alcoholic beverages. This law has proved itself by saving many lives and overall just having a positive outcome in the community. People say that no matter what the age limit is kids will still drink? I completely disagree, believe it or not there’s endless ways in which it can be prevented while the drinking age remains 21. Parents make a big difference and can pr event this from happening and I have to agree 100% that the drinking age has saved hundreds ofRead MoreThe Legal Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered988 Words   |  4 PagesThe Legal Drinking Age Should Not Be Lowered There are copious amounts of people who believe that the legal drinking age should be lowered to eighteen. Others think the drinking age needs to remain the same. A few of those also conclude the legal age of adulthood should be raised to 21. The belief is if the adolescent brain has not matured enough to support alcohol use by age 21, it cannot make the responsible decisions required at 18 years of age. Voters should make the decision toRead MoreMinimum Legal Drinking Age Should Be Lowered1253 Words   |  6 Pages Minimum Legal Drinking Age Should the drinking age be lowered from 21 to a younger age? Ever since the end of prohibition in 1933 the United States government has placed the issue of minimum legal drinking age sensitively in the hands of the states, letting each decide for itself what the minimum age should be. At that time all agreed that the minimum legal drinking age should be 21, where it remained for all states untilRead MoreShould The Drinking Age Be Lowered?995 Words   |  4 Pages Should the legal drinking age be lowered to age 18? Recently people have been debating whether If the drinking age should be lowered to 18. Some people think 18 is a better age but others think it’s outrageous to lower the drinking age to 18. After much reading and observing, I myself think the drinking age should be kept at 21 years old,because young adults who drink while they re underage make poor decisions and majority of the young adults are in college lacking in classes. The legal drinkingRead MoreEssay on Wrong Age, Wrong Choice: Alcohol Abuse789 Words   |  4 PagesSo they want to lower the minimum drinking age from 21 to 18 because they think 18 years old adult is enough mature to handle. Although in reality, it would kill sociality and the country because of those people who never think for the action before they do. Lowering the Drinking Age Law is the worse choice for the government to do and most people absolutely oppose. Most people agree and strongly recommend that in order to drink, people should have a higher age of initiation and maturity becauseRead MoreThe National Drinking Age Act926 Words   |  4 PagesAt the age of 18, every individual who is a legal citizen of the United States of America has the option to vote, marry the love of their life, enter law abiding contracts with banks, watch R rated movies without the presence of an adult, serve in every branch of the military, and buy tobacco products. These remain key choices given to those entering adulthood, but one choice not given to those who are legally considered adults is drinking. 30 years ago this July, the National Drinking Age Act passedRead MoreEighteen is too Dangerous886 Words   |  4 PagesHas anyone been harmed from underage drinking that you may know of, whether it’s from over dosing or a severe car accident? The topic of lowering the drinking age to eighteen in the United States is very debatable subject because m any people have a difficult time deciding which side to support. Many of the negative issues for the low drinking age would have of an effect on the future, which is why the reform should not be put into action. Reasons include health issues, irresponsibility, and deaths

Essay on The Discovery Of The Structure Of DNA - 1526 Words

James Watson and Francis Crick discovered the structure of DNA, but only by drawing on the work of many scientists who came before them. (Maddox, 2003) In 1944, Oswald T. Avery, Colin M. MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty published â€Å"Studies on the Chemical Nature of the Substance Inducing Transformation of Pneumococcal Types†, which was the first scientific work to identify DNA as the molecule that carried genetic information, and became a breakthrough at that time. (Avery, Macleod, McCarty, 1944) Before Avery and coworkers published their paper, there was very little interest in DNA among scientists in the field of genetics. Very little was known about DNA, however, early analyses suggested that it was a very simple molecule, at least in†¦show more content†¦Griffith worked with two strains of the bacteria pneumococcus, named according to the appearance the colonies grown from each strain. The S-strain possessed a polysaccharide coat and formed large, smooth colon ies. The R-strain did not have a polysaccharide covering, and grew in small, rough colonies. In addition to influencing colony appearance, the polysaccharide shell also protected the S-strain from the host immune response. Griffith noticed that mice injected with the S-strain eventually became ill and died, while mice injected with the R-strain suffered no ill effects. He also noted that S-strain pneumococci that had been killed by heat caused no harm. But Griffith’s breakthrough came when he found that mice injected with a mixture of live R-strain and heat-killed S-strain died from infection. Furthermore, he was able to isolate live S-strain bacteria from these dead mice. From this, Griffith was able to conclude that the heat-killed cells contained a â€Å"transforming code† capable of changing the harmless R-strain bacteria into the pathogenic S-strain. Francis Crick and James Watson are recognized as the main scientists involved in the identification of DNA and its structure, which is one of the most important discoveries of the twentieth century. However, were it not for Rosalind Franklin, Linus Pauling, Colin Avery and Maurice Wilkins, the two men would likely not have madeShow MoreRelatedThe Discovery Of The Structure Of Dna1089 Words   |  5 PagesRosalind Franklin and her Contribution to the Structure of DNA Specific Purpose: To enable the audience to reflect on how Rosalind Franklin contributed to the discovery of the structure of DNA. Introduction: I. Open with Impact: Could you having a significant role in one of the greatest scientific achievements of all time, but not getting credit for it? Not only that, but constantly putting yourself in harm’s way to make this discovery, and eventually dying because of it? II. Thesis Statement:Read MoreThe Discovery Of The Dna Structure2092 Words   |  9 PagesOne of the most important things discovered and understood in biology within science, has been the discovery of the DNA structure. Where DNA is the abbreviation for deoxyribonucleic acid, though it is more known by nearly everyone simply as DNA. The idea behind DNA is that it is a self-replicating material that can be found in all living organisms, especially humans. The structure of DNA was solved in the year 1953, and was solved by four very important scientists who were; Francis Crick, RosalindRead More Discovery of the Structure of DNA Essay2374 Words   |  10 PagesDiscovery of the Structure of DNA On the last day of February in 1953, according to James Watson, Francis Crick announced to the patrons of the Eagle Pub in Cambridge, â€Å"We have discovered the secret of life† (Watson 115, 1980). As Brian Hayes, the author of â€Å"The Invention of the Genetic Code† states, â€Å"If life ever had a secret, the double helix of DNA was surely it† (1). However, it was not the work of these two men alone that led to the discovery of the power the lies within the double helixRead MoreYu Sun Park. Dr. Murphy. Lab Section 4. Discovery Of Dna1394 Words   |  6 Pagessection 4 Discovery of DNA double helix: Related to both Scientific and Humane Aspects DNA, the molecule of life that carries genetic information in humans and almost all other organisms, has been considered as one of the greatest discoveries until now. If DNA could not have been discovered, we would not be able to do or test numerous things such as paternity test and pathological confirmation. There are four main scientists who contributed their lives, knowledge, and ambitions to find out the DNA doubleRead MoreBiology : Structure Of Dna818 Words   |  4 PagesBiology: Structure of DNA The article â€Å"The Structure of DNA: Cooperation and Competition† by the Understanding Science team (the author is Stephanie Stuart, with the editor Anna Thanukos, and the web producers David Smith and Josh Frankel) begins with the history of the discovery of DNA. â€Å"During the early 1950s, the intellectual journeys of a bird biologist, an expert on the structure of coal, a designer of underwater mines, and a nuclear physicist intersected, resulting—not in aRead MoreThe Structure Of Dn Cooperation And Competition949 Words   |  4 PagesThe Structure of DNA: Cooperation and Competition PRACTICAL PROBLEM: The question â€Å"How do living things pass on their traits to offspring† had long been on the minds of researchers. CURIOSITY: Curiosity was a trait of all those who wondered about that question. Gregor Mendel was just one of those people leading up to the four who discovered the structure of DNA. The four people who discovered the structure of DNA built upon the EXPLORATION AND DISCOVERY of others: At the time of this discoveryRead MoreThe Importance of the Structure of Dna1582 Words   |  7 PagesKa Zhu The Importance of the Structure of DNA Understanding ideas at a macroscopic scale is simple. Looking at a clock, observing and understanding the movements of the hands over the numbered surface are, in essence, all one requires to use the device. In order for innovation to occur, it is imperative to understand the inner workings of the device on a microscopic scale to modulate its properties. Such is the case for many innovations in science, from the heat engine to penicillin, and is noRead MoreCharles Crick And James Watson On The Structure Of The Complex Molecule Known As Dna Essay1293 Words   |  6 Pageswas awarded to Francis Crick and James Watson for formulating the structure of the complex molecule known as DNA. These discoveries were a direct result of the accumulation of many scientists’ earlier analyses and findings of the DNA. Before Watson and Crick had developed the double-helical structure of DNA, indication of this genetic material had been revealed around the 1850’s. During the century fol lowing the first evidence of DNA, subsequent researchers had been eagerly examining the physical andRead MoreHeredity And Its Impact On The Field Of Heredity976 Words   |  4 Pagesto occur, and this happens during meiosis and fertilization. Throughout history we have seen significant discoveries in the field of heredity. Some of the most well known scientists in this field of heredity are Gregor Mendel, Erwin Chargaff, Rosalind Franklin and finally James Watson and Francis Crick. In 1856 to 1863, Gregor Mendel conducted a series of experiments that lead to his discovery of the fundamental laws of genetics. His research was published in 1866 but it wasn’t fully accepted untilRead MoreContributions Of The Structure Of Dna1683 Words   |  7 Pages Contributions to the Discovery of the Structure of DNA In the early 1950s, James Watson, Francis Crick, Rosalind Franklin, Maurice Wilkins and Erwin Chargaff had revolutionized molecular biology through their ground-breaking discoveries, which offered an astonishing view of the molecular mechanisms that underlie all lives. The structure of DNA was ultimately revealed by Watson and Crick in 1953. The specific pairings that Watson and Crick postulated allows an accurate copying mechanism for the

Human Resource Department for Employee Training - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theHuman Resource Department for Employee Training. Answer: Human Resource Department Hospitality industry constitutes of many major and minor departments who work together towards the same goal, i.e. to generate revenue directly or indirectly. The job of the Human resource department is to create a harmony between these departments to make the service process and more efficient. To survive in the competitive environment, human resource management is considered as an important aspect of the industry. Without human resource, it is very difficult to operate the activities in an effective manner. In any hotel, there are many employees who work in their respective departments hence there is a dire need to look and control them so that they carry out their tasks efficiently and at the same time Human resource department makes sure that the employee gets something back as well. Human resource is a bridge between the departments and the top management of the hotel. In the hospitality industry, it is analyzed that the main focus is on the customers and on the quality. The staff is in direct contact with the customers and also it is seen that it plays a great role in attaining the objectives of the hotel. The quality that is offered to the customers not only involves the skills of the staff but also the attitude is taken into consideration at the time of availing the services. The human resource department is also termed as employee relation department in the organization. Human resource department considers the essential role in conducting the operations of the hotel in an efficient manner. It also performs functions like employee training, recruitment and also helps to solve the disputes of the staff. It also takes into consideration various issues related with people in an organization. The human resource department considers the method of recruiting the best candidate in the organization and also assists in meeting the training requirements of existing staff. Hotel Hierarchy Every organization considers the hierarchy structure to conduct the day to day operations. The tasks are divided and also the job is specified for each department and the authority is delegated to the departments. It is evaluated that effective job specifications enhance the productivity and efficiency of the work. Every hotel classifies the staff in different ways. The hierarchy can be elaborated in following way. The top management is the food and beverage manager and the front of house manager is divided into two subparts: Food and beverage manager: The food and beverage department is liable for all the dining rooms, bars, and kitchen and cleans up services. The food and beverage manager gives direction and instructions to the restaurant manager and head chef. In this, the department is also divided into two parts: Kitchen and Restaurant. The kitchen department is liable for preparing the food like beverages, main course. The head chef gives considers that the apprentices are handled with proper care and also the correct directions are given to them so that they can conduct their operations in an effective manner. Next is restaurant manager who gives suggestions and directions to the captain. Then the captain focuses on the food and beverage attendants, that they are conducting their work in a proper way or not. Front of house manager: The front of house manager handles the customer service that consists of front desk services, laundry, and telephone and housekeeping service. A front office is a place where the guests are greeted and they register themselves and take a room. It is considered as an important department, as the customers are in touch every time. The receptionist conducts the operations under the front house manager. Under the head receptionist, the guest service associates perform the activities. The control is taken by the head and also the correct direction is given to carry the activities in an efficient way. The housekeeping takes care of the housekeeping associates that help the industry to enhance the satisfaction level of the customers. The best services are offered to the consumers. Human resource planning Human resource planning is the main aspect of the human resource department. Its main job is to forecast the organization's future needs with respect to the employees the organization will need. To fulfill the rights of the candidate for the role the human resource department follows either recruitment or selection process. Human resource planning is important for following: Future employee needs for the organization To employ highly talented staff Plan ahead and cope up with the changes Work towards the expansion of the company. Human resource planning process (Rahman bin Idris Eldridge 1998): Environmental scanning: this is the first step towards human resource planning process which involves scanning and analyzing the current market trends and finding the external forces that may have an effect on the process. This process requires the human resource department to make a consistent pattern. All the changes which are happening in the in different streams like technological, sociocultural, economic are monitored and also how they may impact on the human resource strategies. This helps the human resource department in planning the strategies keeping in mind the external forces. Interpreting the strategic objectives: The Changes in the organization may result in the change, in demand and skill of the employees. This might be affected by the quality and quantity of the employees the organization currently has or the external market of the organization. The role of this analysis is to define the skill set required in the employees to implement the organizational strategies in order to attain a sustainable success. Auditing the internal human resource This analysis is similar to keeping an inventory. Two analyses are made namely micro and macro. Micro analysis reports the number of employees, their skills, level of productivity, the potential of productivity, attitude etc. whereas macro analysis records the organizational philosophy, organizational structure, quality of work life, absenteeism, the effectiveness of the personnel system, climate and work environment. This helps the firm to set a bottom-line of the capabilities of the human resource in a firm which could be available for future organizational requirements. The factors that influence the human resource planning are divided into two segments, internal or external (Norhidayah, Kasim Shamsudin 2012). Internal factors Organization strategy: These are the strategies that the organization follows in terms to the employee management. These are the strategies that the firm puts together to generate revenue and grow. Organizational changes: when a firm first starts to operate the primary task is to try and stay afloat and reach the breakeven point as soon as possible. However, as the organization starts to grow it has to make some changes; these are called the organizational changes. Organizational culture: the organizational culture is influenced by two major factors, the location of the firm and the workforce. Emphasis on training the workforce can help majorly in attaining a desired culture in the organization. Organizational culture is a system that gives emphasis on the shared assumptions, values and beliefs. The shared values give influence on the people in the company and also various things are taken into consideration that how they dress, act and conduct their activities. (Rameezdeen and Gunarathna, 2003). Leadership and experience: leadership and experience play a major role when it comes to human resource management. Leaders motivate the employees which in term determine the attitude of the employee. Leaders should emphasize on the tasks and the understanding between the employees and their reporting managers by bridging the communication gap between the two (Panthi et al., 2008). Empowerment: empowerment is the way of encouraging the desire of learning amongst employees and thinking of new and more efficient ways of doing things. Employees can be empowered by helping them learn new skills which will help them finish their task more efficiently. Nature of work: Human resource planning helps in attaining the right candidate for the job by assessing their skills with the nature of work. The work should be assigned by considering the right person for the right job. External factors Legislation: Government laws and regulations in terms of the labor laws have a major effect on human resource planning. Human resource department has to keep updating their policies with regards to the change in government laws. The laws and regulations are important that should be taken into consideration by every organization. The regulations give influence on the process of the human resource department. It consists of training, recruitment, compensation. The company should take into consideration that the operations are conducted under the rules and regulations of the organization. The regulations of the company give focus on conducting the day to day activities in an effective manner (Sung and Choi, 2014). Economic changes: change in the economy means a change in the firm's expenditure which directly affects the human resource planning. Also, it is the important external influence that takes into consideration the current economy. It gives impact on the talented candidate and also affects the ability to hire the candidate. The human resource planning should be planned by considering the economic downturn. Economic changes affect the operations or the activities of the organization (Breaugh, 2017). Technology changes: technology changes with time and this is an important factor as a change in technology could help in reducing the prices and cost saving. If the industry adopts latest technology, then it can be easy to attain the goals and objectives and also to finish the work on time. It is considered as a revolutionary way to operate the activities the industry. It is seen that updated technology gives enhancement in the profitability and also the human resource of the organization feel comfortable to conduct the day to day operations (Benavides-Velasco, Quintana-Garca and Marchante-Lara, 2014). Demographic changes: demographics help in determining the baseline of the employee profile. The change in the profile of the workforce in terms of age, literacy, gender participation and technical input can pose implications in human resource planning. It is analyzed that the old generation's takes retirement and new generation enters the industry to conduct the operations of the business. The human resource department should give focus on appointing the new set of candidates. They should hire the candidates by considering the experience, qualification and also the pay should be according to the qualities that are possessed by an individual. At the time of human resource planning, it is essential that effective working environment should be provided so that the workforce can conduct their work in a proper manner (Wilson, 2014). In order to get the perfect candidate for the position, human resource department has to analyze the position available. This process is called job analysis. Following are the steps which are required to carry out job analysis as mentioned by (Chang Kleiner 2002). Job analysis: it is a systematic process which helps the management in making decisions. The purpose of the job analysis is to provide information about the job which in turn helps the human resource department to look for employees with skills to execute those tasks. The main process of job analysis can be divided into following: Identification and isolation the components of a job: This step involves determining all the components of a job by finding out the tasks which are required to be done. Some jobs may have many tasks and sub tasks; in this case, the author suggests that these tasks can be grouped into task taxonomies when the tasks have sufficient similarities. This helps in simplification of the analysis. Examining how the tasks can be performed: This step involves finding out the skills required to do a task, the order in which the skills have to be implemented and to identify if the task is isolated or if it's a team process, etc. Identifying the main areas of responsibility: This step involves in finding out the main duties which are involved in doing a task and also if it's regular or occasional. Then scaling the duties on the basis of their difficulty, how frequently they are happening and the importance of those duties to fulfill the job as a whole. The information collected from job analysis can further help in evaluating the job. This process is called job evaluation. According to (Chang Kleiner 2002) the main purpose of carrying out job analysis is that it provides information for job evaluation. According to the author (Chang Kleiner 2002) following are 4 different ways in which the job evaluation can be done. The Ranking System The Point System Factor Comparison Combination Systems The job evaluation system that we will be using for out hotel would be combination system. The reason for using combination systems is that the advantages of all the systems can be combined and the disadvantages of the systems can be removed. The combination system involves five major steps. Firstly all the factors are selected and defined. The major 5 factors are authority, knowledge, skills, responsibility and working conditions. Then the jobs are selected and priced according to the market rate if there is any market rate available and each benchmark job is ranked under each of the five factors. This process includes both the jobs which were priced and which were not. After the jobs have been ranked, points are assigned to each degree to each factor in accordance to the standard system. The weight of each factor is a function of number of degrees assigned in the ranking process. Next step is to define each degree. The final process includes evaluation of all the jobs by comparison against each other on the basis of degree definition and job versus job ranking system. Once the jobs have been evaluated next step is to look for right candidates to fill up these positions. Recruitment process According to (Dickinson Ineson 1993) recruitment is simply a process of searching for the right people for the job out of which the right candidates can be selected for the job. Recruitment is conducted so that effective candidates can be selected for the job. According to the author (Carroll et al. 1999) factors that affect recruitment are follows: Internal factors Recruitment Policy: The recruitment policy of the industry affects the recruitment process. The policy gives focus on the objectives and also provides a framework that helps in implementing the recruitment program. It consists of an organizational system that should be developed for implementing the programs related to recruitment and also for filling the vacant position in the organization. The factors that affect the recruitment policy are organizational objectives, sources of recruitment, recruitment costs (Purce, 2014). Human resource planning, government policies that are related to reservations. If the human resource planning is done in an effective manner then it will assist in covering the gaps in the organization. It also assists in determining the candidates, so that the job can be offered in a proper manner (McPhail, Patiar, Herington, Creed and Davidson, 2015). Size of the firm: The size of the industry gives direct impact on the recruitment process. If the organization is trying to enhance the operations and also to expand the business, then the focus should be given to employees for the organization. If more employees are appointed then the operations can be operated in an effective manner and also the success can be attained by the organization. Cost: The process of recruitment also incurs the cost of the employer. So the organization tries to recruit the candidates with the source that is reasonable. The industry should give focus on the considering the recruitment process that does not incur a huge cost. Growth Expansion: By employing more employees in the organization it can easy to conduct the day to day activities of the organization. For expanding the activities it is essential for the organization to consider effective strategies so that the goals and objectives can be attained (Kavanagh and Johnson, 2017). External factors Supply Demand: In the recruitment process, the availability of the workforce is an essential aspect. It is evaluated that if the organization has a more demand of the employees and it is very difficult to employ the appropriate candidate then the company will depend on the internal sources by giving them effective training and development programs. Unemployment: It is considered as an essential factor that gives influence in the availability of the candidates. It is analyzed that when the company is not recruiting the new candidates, there is an oversupply of the qualified labor. Then the qualified labor is included in the unemployment rate (Storey, 2014). Labor: At the time of recruitment, if the organization evaluates that there is the surplus of manpower in the market, then the organization consider the informal attempt of recruiting the employees. The company tells about the job opening through the notice board or by announcing in the meeting. It will help to attract and induce more applicants to apply for the job (Dhar, 2015). A market where a hotel is located: Location also plays a great role at the time of recruiting the candidate. If the industry is set up in a good location then it will attract more applicants towards the company. Political-social environment: There are various government regulations that give direct impact on the process of recruitment. The trade union plays a significant role in recruiting the candidates who are efficient towards the work. The management put restrictions that only the individual who is considered as the best performer should be selected (Sparrow, Brewster and Chung, 2016). Image of the firm: Image of the firm is an important aspect that gives influence on the process of recruitment of the industry. If the organization has a positive image in the market, then it will directly impact appropriate candidates towards the organization and also it will retain more candidates. The organization can enhance the goodwill in the market by taking into consideration effective public relations and also by offering services like building roads, hospitals can give success to the organization. If the effective strategies are adopted by the organization, then it will help the organization to attain the profitability and also assist in making appropriate decisions that are beneficial for the organization. It is essential that the organization should have a positive image in the mind of the people so that the negative impact cannot be given on the activities of the organization (Paill, Chen, Boiral and Jin, 2014). According to the author (Carroll et al. 1999) the recruitment process includes five steps which are inter related, which are planning, strategy development, searching, screening and evaluation and control. The main task of human resource department is to make the recruitment process an ideal one and to attract a large number of qualified candidates which can accept to work with the hotel when they are offered the position. Selection process According to (Bernroider Koch 2001) selection is a process of picking specific candidates from a large number of applicants that have a specific skill set desired for the job. Unlike recruitment, the Selection process is a long process which includes many rounds and is usually used for hiring managerial positions. However, it depends on the factors like the size of the organization and the company policies. For our hotel, we have used recruitment process for hiring executive level employees and selection process for supervisor and managerial level employees. Training and development Training and development is the part of human resource department which helps employees in learning specific skills, knowledge, and abilities. Training employees play a major role in the success of the hotel. Training helps to enhance the knowledge and skill of the employees who are working in the organization. By training the employees feel satisfied and also the efficiency is increased. When effective training is given to the employees of the organization, then it is evaluated that productivity and success of the organization is attained (Marchington, Wilkinson, Donnelly and Kynighou, 2016).The main role in the hospitality industry is to serve the customers whether it is related with food or other services. The importance of training and development cant be ignored because it is analyzed that the job gives main focus on the satisfaction level of the customers. Training can be expensive but it is considered as an important element for the organization. Types of training methods: On the job Off the job On the job training: on the job training is a form of training where employee learns new skills while working (learning by doing). On the job training is the most efficient form of training and requires proper planning, structuring, and supervision for it to be successful. It is method by which the employees ensure that they will get the learning content when they will go. To enhance the knowledge the company should show them effective videos that will give direct impact on the working operations. In this form of training the technology is used to track the progress and also to enhance the learning strategy that gives encouragement to the employees to learn something new (Bamberger, Biron and Meshoulam, 2014). Off the job training: Off the job training provides a wider learning and gives more clarity to the employees. In this form of training such an environment is created where an employee can learn and the mistakes made while learning is not costly. The training is conducted in a location that is specifically designed for training. The place can be near the workplace or away from the workplace. The employee goes for taking training, so that the knowledge can be increased of the employees who are working in the organization (Beardwell and Thompson, 2014). There are three different types of off the job training namely: independent, external and in-house. In our hotel, we have planned to keep 2 training sessions per fortnight so that every department (food and beverage service, housekeeping, food production and front office) gets the chance to learn new skills every month. Employee benefits Health insurance for the employee and family. Sick leave: The sick leaves are given to the employees who are working in the organization. It is considered as an extra benefit for the employees. It is considered as a paid leave. Maternity leave: This is the benefit that is availed by the female employees. The period is decided according to the organization. So, in this period the amount is given to the employees. Paid leaves: This is considered as an employee benefit in which the employee can easily take leave. Over time penalty pay rate: This is the benefit which is given to the employee who work extra in the day. The wages are given according to the extra work done (Aswathappa, 2013). Competitive salary package: Employees are motivated by money, and the employers give focus to consider the best employees who dont take extra profits. When the employer selects the specific employee, then there is a good chance that they will negotiate a competitive salary package. Discounts on rooms and food and beverage outlets: The Company offers various discounts vouchers to the employees like food and beverage vouchers that enhance the motivation level of the employees to work efficiently towards the work. The employees can easily avail the discounts at the time of visiting. This is the benefit that is offered by the organization to its employees (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014.). Employee welfare Employee safety and health issue: as employees are the assets of our hotel. The safety procedures like HACCP (Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point) will be implemented to ensure the wellbeing of the employee. Performance appraisals: employees will be rewarded for extra efforts and exceptional work ethics. This helps in motivating employees and improves productivity. Day care center: this is an added service for the employee welfare. Employee Retention Employee retention is an integral part of the organization. As attracting new skilled employees are one of the major tasks of the Human Resource Department but at the same time, it is the priority of the Human resource department to retain the employees who have worked with the hotel. As explained by ("Putting people first" 2011) if an employee quits the organization there are many cost factors that follow like setting up interviews, hiring, training. At the same time losing an employee may also impact the performance of the firm as there might be a reduction in the output. As suggested by (Kundu Lata 2017) following are few retention strategies that will be implemented: Career path: providing essential training time to time helps the employee in attaining new skills which in turn helps them in moving upwards in the hierarchy. This is beneficial for the hotel as the HR department does not have to hire a new employee which reduces the cost factor. Also, it helps in motivating the employee and creating employee loyalty. Recognition: acknowledging the employee for their extra efforts helps in motivation. We will set up an employee of the month where employees that have shown dedication will be rewarded. Regardless of the department, they work in. also, we will put "team member of the season" where each member will be encouraged to vote for the member they think have put in extra efforts and the winner and runner-up will be rewarded with vouchers. Remunerations: employees will be offered with competitive salary packages, this keeps the employee motivated and create a sense that the hotel values them. The human resource will do constant market analysis and the employees will be given bonuses. Exit interviews: in an occasion where the employee wants to leave the organization. An interview will be held with the HR manager to ask them about why they want to leave, what made them leave and what would be their feedback for improvements. References: "Putting people first" 2011, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 25-27. Bernroider, E Koch, S 2001, "ERP selection process in midsize and large organizations", in ,Business Process Management Journal, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 251-257. Carroll, M, Marchington, M, Earnshaw, J Taylor, S 1999, "Recruitment in small firms", in ,Employee Relations, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 236-250. Chang, I Kleiner, B 2002, "How to conduct job analysis effectively", in ,Management Research News, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 73-81. Kundu, S Lata, K 2017, "Effects of supportive work environment on employee retention", in ,International Journal of Organizational Analysis, vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 703-722. Norhidayah, Kasim, N Shamsudin, A 2012, "Framework of human resource planning (HRP) influencing factors for local workforce supply in Malaysian construction industry", in ,Journal of Technology Management in China, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 177-197. Panthi, K., Farooqui, R.U. and Ahmed, S.M. (2008), An investigation of the leadership style of construction managers in South Florida, Journal of Construction Management and Economic, Vol. 11, pp. 455-565. Rahman bin Idris, A Eldridge, D 1998, "Reconceptualising human resource planning in response to institutional change", in ,International Journal of Manpower, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 343-357. Rameezdeen, R. and Gunarathna, N. (2003), Organizational culture in construction: an employee perspective, The Australian Journal of Construction Economics and Building, Vol. 3, pp. 292-300. References Armstrong, M. and Taylor, S., 2014.Armstrong's handbook of human resource management practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Aswathappa, K., 2013.Human resource management: Text and cases. Tata McGraw-Hill Education. Bamberger, P.A., Biron, M. and Meshoulam, I., 2014.Human resource strategy: Formulation, implementation, and impact. Routledge. Beardwell, J. and Thompson, A., 2014.Human resource management: a contemporary approach. Pearson Education. Benavides-Velasco, C.A., Quintana-Garca, C. and Marchante-Lara, M., 2014. Total quality management, corporate social responsibility and performance in the hotel industry.International Journal of Hospitality Management,41, pp.77-87. Breaugh, J.A., 2017. to Recruitment.The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of the Psychology of Recruitment, Selection and Employee Retention, p.12. Dhar, R.L., 2015. Service quality and the training of employees: The mediating role of organizational commitment.Tourism Management,46, pp.419-430. Kavanagh, M.J. and Johnson, R.D. eds., 2017.Human resource information systems: Basics, applications, and future directions. Sage Publications. Marchington, M., Wilkinson, A., Donnelly, R. and Kynighou, A., 2016.Human resource management at work. Kogan Page Publishers. McPhail, R., Patiar, A., Herington, C., Creed, P. and Davidson, M., 2015. Development and initial validation of a hospitality employees job satisfaction index: Evidence from Australia.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,27(8), pp.1814-1838. Paill, P., Chen, Y., Boiral, O. and Jin, J., 2014. The impact of human resource management on environmental performance: An employee-level study.Journal of Business Ethics,121(3), pp.451-466. Purce, J., 2014. The impact of corporate strategy on human resource management.New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals),67. Sparrow, P., Brewster, C. and Chung, C., 2016.Globalizing human resource management. Routledge. Storey, J., 2014.New Perspectives on Human Resource Management (Routledge Revivals). Routledge. Sung, S.Y. and Choi, J.N., 2014. Do organizations spend wisely on employees? Effects of training and development investments on learning and innovation in organizations.Journal of organizational behavior,35(3), pp.393-412. Wilson, J.P., 2014. International human resource development: Learning, education and training for individuals and organisations.Development and Learning in Organizations,28(2).

Journal Article free essay sample

The whole paper embodies author’s broad scope, exquisite writing skills and clear logic in analyzing a controversial topic. Black Nationalism is an ideology that aims at liberating the black from oppression and setting up self-determination for the black. Basically there are two forms of Black Nationalism, Classical Black Nationalism and Contemporary Black Nationalism. Classical Black Nationalism is almost simply in the form of slave revolts. However, Contemporary Black Nationalism can be divided into four parts: educational, religious, cultural as well as revolutionary nationalism.Black Panther Party, one of the most famous revolutionary nationalist organizations, held the belief that the government at that time needed to be reformed to meet the demands for the black. Under the understanding of â€Å"socialist perspective†, two young black militants, Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale founded the Black Panther Party fundamentally for self-defense from racist police oppression and brutality. Their force was expanding ceaselessly. On Jan. 1st, 1967, they set up the first official headquarters and after that, they recruited clan members and started to bear arms.When Cleaver joined the party in 1967, this party was in its prime time. Under the leadership of the three, the party moved forward tremendously and developed many other programs that benefited the black. However, the change in fundamental ideology from â€Å"liberation† to â€Å"class struggle† finally leads to the doom of the party. The party had close relations with other Third World revolutionary groups in the United States and became a threat to our country. FBI (COINTELPRO) took actions to systematically destroy the party both externally and internally.On one hand, FBI took advantage of the conflict between Black Panther Party and Karenga’s US Organization to let these two clans fight with each other. On the other hand, FBI divided the key leaders by setting them up in a hostile position. Finally, the party met its end in the year of 1974. To discuss the aftermath, we should analyze it in two aspects. Black Panther Party actually contributed to black American society and black rights struggle in several ways; meanwhile, it also made serious errors that cannot be tolerated.People should be alert and have a full understanding on what led to its demise. The author has a broad scope for describing a certain topic and researched thoroughly on it. For example, in order to describe the Black Panther Party, the author first clearly states the original ideology of the party. Then she introduces the background information of key leaders in detail to make a relation to why they would found such a party. After that, she discusses the whole process of development for the party, from the beginning to the end.She did research so well that she even provides information such as how the leaders raised money for weapons (by selling Mao Tse-Tung’s book) and how FBI destroyed the party and so on. These kinds of anecdote-liked facts delight the whole article. First, the facts broaden the readers’ horizon. Readers are able to picture better how a revolutionary party works and gain a bunch of knowledge of the certain topic. Second, these facts will absolutely attract the reader and add some amusing elements.That is, they make the academic article less doctrinal. The author did an excellent job in writing skills and clarity of expression. She uses clear language for the whole article. There is no ambiguity in concepts. Every technical term follows with elaborate explanations to avoid misunderstandings. For example, at first part of the article, the author explains thoroughly what two kinds of Black Nationalism are. After all, these are the key terms we should master to understand the whole article.The author also gives detail explanations for four kinds of Contemporary Black Nationalism, especially the revolutionary one to coincide with the thesis, which is talking about how the revolutionary party (the Black Panther Party) develops. Last but not least, the author’s logical analysis astonishes the readers. One of the main purposes of this article is to convince the readers that every coin has two sides, here, although the Black Panther Party made some intolerable errors, it still contributed to the free struggle for the black people in America. That is, the author tries to lead us to ponder what the contributions they made and what negative aspects they were involved. In the last part of the article, the author proposes a set of convincing evidences and analyses to articulate her cogitative thoughts on this issue. These logical analyses almost cover every aspect: for the positive side, she proposes five points: advancing the idea of self-defense, leading a direction for further freedom movement, aiming at serving the people, advocating women rights and excellent propaganda.These five points cover both ideological as well as practical benefits for the black people at that time. The author also provides comprehensive analyses on the negative aspects: leadership corruption, underground activities of the party’s members, their rhetoric surpassed their capabilities, undisciplined mannerisms and tendencies, rigid radicalism, failing to organize economic foundations and failing to persuade members to prepare for long time s truggle. These seven points cover administration problems, economy crisis, exaggerated propaganda as well as personnel management issue.Therefore, these analyses indeed highlight the author’s exquisite skill of combining factual information and logical thinking seamlessly. Just as Jessica C. Harris discusses in her paper, the development of the Black Panther Party is like a drama. It seemed to be prospective and voiced on behalf of the black people at first; however, during the whole process, some immature actions indeed ruined everything and defamed the essence of its original ideology, â€Å"self-defense, and fight for the inequality†.